What is a security deposit?

A security deposit is an upfront payment that apartment residents submit to the landlord at or before lease signing. This money stays in the landlord's possession during the tenancy and serves as financial protection against unpaid rent, broken leases, or damage to the unit beyond normal wear and tear (such as large holes in walls, broken windows, or stains from tenant-caused accidents).

In Texas, security deposit returns are governed by Property Code Section 92.103. A landlord must return the full deposit or provide an itemized written accounting of any deductions within 30 days of the tenant vacating the unit. If the landlord withholds funds, the notice must list each specific charge and its cost, such as repairs for damage or cleaning. If the landlord fails to return the deposit or provide accounting within the 30-day window and the tenant can prove bad faith, the tenant may recover the deposit amount plus additional damages in court.

Deposits held in apartment complexes across Greater San Antonio follow the same state rules. Normal wear and tear like minor paint scuffs, loose door hinges, or carpet fade cannot be charged to a tenant. The deposit is not rent; it is refundable money that tenants can recover if they leave the unit in acceptable condition. Understanding this distinction helps both residents and landlords manage expectations at lease end.